The Soviet flag is partly rooted in the French Revolution. Per Britannica, French revolutionaries used a plain red flag to represent the rights of the masses and opposition to autocratic rule. Both sentiments were echoed in the Russian Revolution, and according to author Paul Spicker, the French Revolution's pursuits of liberty, quality, and fraternity "heavily influenced" Marxism. Red flags took on an explicitly socialist meaning in 1871 when the Paris Commune adopted the Red Banner as an emblem of socialist movements throughout Europe. Per the Independent, in 1889, Irish activist Jim Connell penned "The Red Flag," a song which explicitly couches the crimson banner in terms of socialist solidarity. It mentions the French, Germans, and Russians who embrace the banner, which flies in the face of "the rich man's frown."
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